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Genetic and phylogenetic analysis of the ribonucleoprotein complex genes of H9N2 avian influenza viruses isolated from commercial poultry in Iran

BACKGROUND: The H9N2 subtype of avian influenzaviruses (AIVs) has been isolated in multiple avian species inmany European, Asian, African and American countries. Sincethe first outbreak of H9N2 virus in Iran in 1998, this virus haswidely circulated throughout the country, resulting in majoreconomic losses in chicken flocks. Several amino acids in thevirus ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex includi...

Avian Diseases An international journal dedicated to avian health Published Quarterly by the American Association of Avian Pathologists Evaluation of Nobuto Filter Paper Strips for the Detection of Avian Influenza Virus Antibody in Waterfowl

Detection and Isolation of H9N2 Subtype of Avian Influenza Virus in House Sparrows (Passer domesticus) of Ahvaz, Iran

Avian influenza (AI) is an acute infectious disease with worldwide significance causing extensive economic losses in the poultry industry. Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) belong to the family Orthomyxoviridae and categorized in the genus influenza virus A. These viruses have been isolated from more than 100 species of free-living birds. Migratory birds are considered as reservoirs for AIVs and a...

Serological Survey of Avian Influenza (H9N2) in Commercial Ostrich Farms in Iran, 2015

The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of avian influenzaH9N2 subtype in the industrial ostrich farms and its geographical distribution. This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2015. A total of 40 farms were selected from different provinces of Iran, from each of which 11 ostriches (n=440) were sampled. The sera samples were examined using 4 hemagglutina...

Risk Assessment of the Introduction and Spread of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses (H5-Subtypes) Via Migratory Birds in Iran

Background and Objectives: HPAI has economic and public health importance. Aquatic and shore migratory birds are the main reservoirs and the cause of the spread of viruses across countries. The aim of study was risk assessment of the spread of the avian influenza H5 viruses.   Methods: In this qualitative study, structured interviews and focus group discussions were used to assess the risk of...